Bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1 dạng Diagram chủ đề LED flashlight process

Process Diagram là một trong những dạng bài khó nhất trong IELTS Writing Task 1, đòi hỏi kỹ năng mô tả trình tự và sử dụng từ vựng chuyên ngành. Bài viết này sẽ hướng dẫn chi tiết cách viết dạng Process Diagram qua phân tích bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1 thi thật ngày 14/06/2025 band 8.0+ và band 6.0 được biên soạn bởi cựu giám khảo KTDC, giúp bạn tự tin đạt điểm cao trong phần thi này.

Đề bài

The diagram shows how an LED (light emitting diode) flashlight works.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Kế hoạch triển khai: LED Flashlight Process Diagram

Step 1: Analysis and Planning (4-5 minutes)

1.1 Read and Understand the Task (1 minute)

• Identify the visual type: graph, chart, table, diagram, map, or process
• Locate the task instruction: look for words like “shows,” “illustrates,” “compares”
• Note specific requirements: time periods, categories, or processes to focus on

1.2 Analyze the Visual Data (2-3 minutes)

• Identify the starting point and end result
• Count the number of stages or steps
• Note key components and their functions
• Look for decision points or alternative pathways
• Identify materials, tools, or conditions involved

1.3 Select Key Information (1 minute)

• Choose 2-3 main features for the overview
• Identify specific details for body paragraphs
• Prioritize significant changes, extremes, or notable patterns
• Avoid minor details that don’t contribute to the overall picture

Step 2: Writing Structure (14-15 minutes)

2.1 Introduction (2 minutes)

Strategy: Paraphrase the task statement

• Replace “shows” with “illustrates/depicts/demonstrates”
• Replace “diagram” with “schematic/illustration/figure”
• Avoid copying exact wording from the prompt

2.2 Overview (3 minutes)

Strategy: Summarize without specific data

• Start with “Overall” or “In general”
• Mention the total number of stages (for processes)
• Highlight main trends or key features
• Use comparative language where appropriate
• No specific figures or detailed descriptions

2.3 Body Paragraph 1 (4-5 minutes)

For Processes: Focus on initial stages For Data: Focus on one main trend or category

• Use sequential language (firstly, initially, subsequently)
• Include specific details and terminology
• Describe functions and purposes of components

2.4 Body Paragraph 2 (4-5 minutes)

For Processes: Focus on latter stages and completion For Data: Focus on contrasting trend or remaining categories

• Continue logical sequence
• Highlight final outcomes or results
• Make comparisons where relevant

Step 3: Review and Final Check (1 minute)

• Word count: Ensure 150-200 words
• Grammar check: Look for obvious errors
• Coherence: Check logical flow between sentences
• Task completion: Verify all main features are covered

Bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1  Band 8.0+

The diagram illustrates the internal mechanism and operational process of an LED flashlight, demonstrating how electrical current flows through various components to produce light.

Overall, the system operates through a straightforward sequential process involving electrical circuit completion, power supply activation, and light emission. The mechanism features two distinct operational states – an active mode when the switch is engaged and an inactive mode when the circuit remains broken.

The process begins when the user activates the rear switch mechanism, which establishes electrical continuity between the metal spring and switch contacts. Subsequently, electrical current flows from the batteries, which are housed within the plastic casing, through the metallic conducting elements. The current then travels through the internal circuitry before reaching the LED component positioned at the device’s apex.

Once the LED receives the electrical supply, it converts the electrical energy into visible illumination, thereby fulfilling the flashlight’s primary function. When the switch is disengaged, the circuit becomes interrupted, consequently preventing current flow and resulting in the cessation of light production.

(180 words- by teacher Tony G, former IELTS examiner)

Giải thích từ vựng và ngữ pháp nâng cao sử dụng trong bài mẫu band 8.0+

Cấu trúc ngữ pháp phức tạp được sử dụng

1. “how electrical current flows through various components to produce light”
   • Structure: Noun clause as object
   • Function: Explains the process complexity
   • Example: “The manual explains how the machine operates efficiently.”
2. “involving electrical circuit completion, power supply activation, and light emission”
   • Structure: Present participle clause with parallel structure
   • Function: Provides additional detail about the process
   • Example: “The procedure involves checking systems, testing equipment, and recording results.”
3. “when the switch is engaged”
   • Structure: Adverbial clause of time with passive voice
   • Function: Shows temporal relationship
   • Example: “The alarm sounds when the sensor is activated.”
4. “which establishes electrical continuity”
   • Structure: Non-defining relative clause
   • Function: Adds explanatory information
   • Example: “The bridge, which connects two cities, spans 2 kilometers.”
5. “which are housed within the plastic casing”
   • Structure: Defining relative clause with passive voice
   • Function: Specifies location of components
   • Example: “The documents, which are stored in the vault, remain secure.”
6. “thereby fulfilling the flashlight’s primary function”
   • Structure: Adverbial phrase showing result
   • Function: Indicates consequence or purpose
   • Example: “The system automatically shuts down, thereby preventing damage.”

Từ vựng nâng cao sử dụng trong bài mẫu band 8.0+

1. illustrates – (verb) demonstrates or explains through example
   • Definition: To make clear by using examples or visual aids
   • Example: “The graph illustrates population growth over time.”
2. demonstrates – (verb) shows clearly and convincingly
   • Definition: To prove or make evident through evidence
   • Example: “The experiment demonstrates the theory’s validity.”
3. straightforward sequential process – (phrase) simple step-by-step procedure
   • Definition: A clear, uncomplicated series of actions in order
   • Example: “Manufacturing follows a straightforward sequential process.”
4. distinct operational states – (phrase) separate working conditions
   • Definition: Different modes or conditions of operation
   • Example: “The machine has three distinct operational states.”
5. establishes – (verb) creates or sets up
   • Definition: To set up on a firm or permanent basis
   • Example: “The protocol establishes clear communication channels.”
6. metallic conducting elements – (phrase) metal parts that carry electricity
   • Definition: Components made of metal that allow electrical current to pass
   • Example: “The circuit includes several metallic conducting elements.”
7. cessation – (noun) the stopping or ending of something
   • Definition: The fact or process of coming to an end
   • Example: “The cessation of rainfall allowed work to resume.”

Phân tích tiêu chí chấm điểm bài mẫu band 8+

Task Achievement (TA): Band 8+

Achievement: The response fully addresses all parts of the task with a clear, accurate overview and detailed description of the LED flashlight mechanism. Key features are appropriately selected and clearly presented, showing how the device operates in both active and inactive states. The response demonstrates excellent understanding of the process flow.

Lexical Resource (LR): Band 8+

Achievement: Wide range of vocabulary used naturally and flexibly. Advanced academic collocations like “internal mechanism,” “electrical continuity,” and “cessation of light production” demonstrate sophisticated lexical control. Technical terminology is used accurately, and there’s evidence of less common vocabulary items with precise meaning.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Band 8+

Achievement: Wide range of grammatical structures used accurately and flexibly. Complex sentences with subordinate clauses, passive constructions, and varied sentence patterns demonstrate high-level grammatical control. Few errors, and those that occur don’t impede communication.

Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Band 8+

Achievement: Information and ideas are logically organized with clear progression throughout. Cohesive devices are used effectively without being mechanical. Paragraphing is appropriate, and each paragraph has a clear central topic that contributes to the overall response.

Bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1  Band 6.0

The diagram shows how an LED flashlight works inside. It explains the parts and how they work together to make light.

Overall, the flashlight has many parts like batteries, switches, and LED light. When you turn it on, electricity goes through the flashlight to make light. When you turn it off, no electricity moves and there is no light.

First, the flashlight has batteries inside a plastic case. There is also a switch at the back and metal parts that carry electricity. When you push the switch to “on”, it connects the metal parts together. Then electricity starts to move from the batteries through the metal spring and other metal parts.

After that, the electricity goes up through the flashlight to reach the LED light at the top. The LED light changes the electricity into bright light that people can see. When you want to turn off the flashlight, you move the switch to “off”. This breaks the connection between the metal parts, so electricity cannot move anymore and the light stops.

The diagram also shows that when the switch is off, there is a broken circuit, which means no electricity can flow.

(177 words- by teacher Tony G, former IELTS examiner)

Phân tích tiêu chí chấm điểm bài mẫu band 6.0

Task Achievement (TA): Band 6.0

Achievement: The response addresses the requirements of the task with an appropriate overview and covers the main features. However, the overview lacks sophistication and some details could be more precisely selected. Use of the second person (“you”) is considered informal and inappropriate for the formal, objective tone required in task 1. The information is relevant but sometimes lacks focus on the most significant aspects.

Lexical Resource (LR): Band 6.0

Achievement: Adequate range of vocabulary for the task with some flexibility and precise usage. Some less common vocabulary is attempted but with limited success. There’s evidence of lexical awareness but limited range of sophisticated vocabulary compared to Band 8+ performance.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Band 6.0

Achievement: Mix of simple and complex sentence forms with reasonable accuracy. Some errors in grammar and punctuation occur but rarely reduce communication. Attempts at complex structures are made but with less consistency than Band 8+ level.

Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Band 6.0

Achievement: Information and ideas are generally arranged coherently with some effective use of cohesive devices. However, cohesion within and between sentences may be faulty or mechanical. Clear overall progression but less sophisticated than Band 8+ performance.

Phân tích so sánh giữa bài mẫu band  8.0+ và band 6.0

Tạm kết

Qua phân tích chi tiết bài mẫu LED Flashlight Process Diagram, chúng ta thấy rõ sự khác biệt giữa band 6.0 và 8.0+ không chỉ nằm ở từ vựng mà còn ở cách tổ chức ý tưởng, sử dụng cấu trúc ngữ pháp phức tạp và giọng văn học thuật. Để đạt band cao, bạn cần thực hành thường xuyên với các dạng process khác nhau.

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